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Two new species in the genera Goodyera R.Br. and Zeuxine Lindl. are described and illustrated. The morphological characters that distinguish Goodyera suprinii M.Pignal, sp. nov. from G. scripta (Rchb.f.) Schltr. are essentially a lip without internal lamellae at the hypochile (instead of lamellate), flowers and fruits forming an angle of 60° with the floral axis (instead of being erect almost parallel to the axis) and green ovoid fruits (instead of white and ellipsoid fruits). The characters that differentiate Z. mamiefoglianiae M.Pignal, sp. nov. from Z. samoensis Schltr. are an inflorescence with a greyish indumentum on the floral axis and bracts (instead of a green indumentum), lanceolate curved petals (instead of obovate angular petals), narrower, all-white terminal lobes of the lip (instead of bright orange-based lobes), a white throat (instead of bright orange throat), a greenish abaxial face (instead of bright orange face) and light brown internal appendages (instead of bright orange). Due to the high threats to the localities of these taxa, the proposed IUCN conservation status is EN (Endangered). The retention of G. scripta (Rchb.f.) Schltr. in the genus Goodyera R.Br. is proposed. Vrydagzynea albostriata Schltr. is mentioned for the first time in New Caledonia. An artificial key and an interactive key to the New Caledonian subtribe Goodyerinae Klotzsch are given (http://goodyerae-nouvelle-caledonie.identificationkey.org/) in English and French. Moreover, the lectotypes of Anoectochilus imitans Schltr., Goodyera triandra Schltr., Rhamphidia discoidea Rchb.f., Zeuxine francii Schltr. and the neotypes of Anoectochilus montanus Schltr., Erythrodes oxyglossa Schltr. et Goodyera grandiflora Schltr. are designated.
Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae, Cranichideae, Goodyerinae, Goodyera, Zeuxine, New Caledonia, IUCN status, lectotypifications, neotypifications, new species