Twenty-four taxa of the genus Cladonia were found in the Garajonay National Park (La Gomera Island, Spain). C. chlorophaea, C. decorticata, C. hammeri, C. humilis, C. phyllophora, C. portentosa and C. subcervicornis are new records for La Gomera Island. C. macilenta is new for the Canary Islands. C. glauca and C. prolifica are new for Macaronesia. An identification key is published.