First approach of the life history of Prolagus apricenicus (Ochotonidae, Lagomorpha) from Terre Rosse sites (Gargano, Italy) using body mass estimation and paleohistological analysis

Research on the biology, especially on life history, of insular endemics is of great importance because they are under specific ecological pressures: low extrinsic mortality and resource limitation. We reconstruct some biological traits of an extinct ochotonid, Prolagus apricenicus from Gargano (Late Miocene; Italy). The extinct mainland Prolagus cf. calpensis is analyzed for comparisons. Our results predict a mass of 350 g for P. cf. calpensis, 280 for P. apricenicus (from Cava Dell’Erba, F1 site), and 600 for P. apricenicus (from Cava Fina, F8 site). Though a thorough histological analysis was hampered by the poor preservation of the material, skeletochronology of P. apricenicus from F1 indicates a longevity of at least around 7 years for this population. This suggests a slower life history than expected from body size for P. apricenicus compared with extant ochotonids.