Based on the study of type material of Neotropical Lejeuneaceae, the following new combination and synonyms are proposed: Ceratolejeunea temnantha (Spruce) comb. nov. (basionym: Lejeunea temnantha), Lejeunea huctumalcensis Lindenb. et Gottsche (= Hygrolejeunea grossereticulata Gottsche ex Steph., = H. sacculata Steph., = H. wrightii Steph.), Lepidolejeunea involuta (Gottsche) Grolle (= Hygrolejeunea glaziovii Steph.), Mastigolejeunea plicatiflora (Spruce) Steph. (= Lejeunea plicata Spruce). Ceratolejeunea temnantha is described and illustrated.