The monospecific complex thalloid liverwort genus Monosolenium Griff. is newly reported from Nepal, from the Royal Bardia National Park in south-west Nepal. A summary of earlier studies on the genus is given together with a description and illustration of the Nepalese material, notes on its ecology and a short assessment of its biogeography. In the wild, the species is a coloniser of moist soil in subtropical countries.