The taxonomy of the endemic Malagasy genus Emphania Erichson, 1847 is revised according to the recently defined type species, Heptomera metallica Blanchard, 1850. Five new species are described: Emphania erichsoni n. sp., E. lacroixi n. sp., E. ranomafanae n. sp., E. semiviridis n. sp. and E. subsmaragdina n. sp. The lectotypes of E. nitida Moser, 1911 and E. sulcipennis Moser, 1911 are designated and redescribed. In addition to the morphological descriptions, male genitalia are figured and distribution of the species so far known is shown. A key for identification of the species is given.
Insecta, Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae, Emphania, key to species, new species, Madagascar.