As part of an ongoing review of the hermit crab genus Nematopagurus A. Milne Edwards et Bouvier, a small, but diverse collection of specimens from eastern South Africa and Madagascar is reported on. Of the seven species present, four represent new taxa, two from South Africa and two from Madagascar. Three species are new records for South Africa.
Hermit crabs, Nematopagurus, new species, new records, southern Africa.