Three thalassinidean families with setalrows and with a seta on the scaphognathite of maxilla 2 are defined and reviewed: Callianideidae (with pleopodal filaments, without posterolateral lobes on the carapace, without anterolateral lobes on abdominal somite 1, with short or no linea thalassinica); Micheleidae (without pleopodal filaments but with pleopodal lamellae in one genus, with posterolateral lobes on the carapace, with anterolateral lobes on abdominal somite 1, without linea thalassinica); and Thomassiniidae (without pleopodal filaments, without posterolateral lobes on the carapace, without anterolateral lobes on abdominal somite 1, with well developed linea thalassinica). All the genera are diagnosed and keys are presented. Of the thirty-five species described and listed, fifteen are new: Marcusiaxius wamsoi, Meticonaxius noumea , M. spicatus, Michelea abranchiata, M. devaneyi, M. hortus, M. microphylla, M. novaecaledoniae, M. paraleura, and Tethisea mindoro (Micheleidae); Crosniera corindon, C. panie, Mictaxius arno, T. moorea (Thomassiniidae). All others are redescribed when necessary, one in a new combination: Marcusiaxius minutus (Coelho).
Crustacea, Thalassinidea, Callianideidae, Micheleidae, Thomassiniidae, systematics, new species.