A new species of Cololejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn., C. andamanensis sp. nov. is described from South Andaman Island. Cololejeunea pseudoschmidtii Tixier, previously known only from China, Malaysia, Philippines and Vietnam, is reported from South Andaman Island and the Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve in the Nicobar group of the Islands of India.