The recognition of Aneura maxima (Schiffn.) Steph. in Iberian Peninsula and the discovery of Aneura pseudopinguis (Herzog) Pócs in Portuguese bryoflora are given. The identity of two misunderstood and unknown Aneura from Iberian Peninsula is clarified based in herbarium material. The morpho-anatomical observations carried out in herbarium samples are summarized in a table and illustrated. The geographic distribution of the two species is offered for the Iberian Peninsula. A. pseudopinguis is also reported new to the Western Africa.