![](https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/periodiques/visuels/grand/bryologie-grand-visuel-v2.jpg)
An updated key for the identification of the 49 Orthotrichum s.l. taxa (45 species and 4 varieties) present in Europe, North Africa, Macaronesia and Western Asia, including the species in genus Nyholmiella, is provided. Orthotrichum leblebicii, described from Turkey, is synonymized with the Mediterranean O. vittii.