First record of the rare, northern Russula xantho from near Wildacres, North Carolina.

Russula xantho, a recently described and rare look-alike of the European R. aurea, was only known from the States around the Great Lakes Region in North America. This first official record from the slopes of the Appalachian mountains in North Carolina extends this territory considerably. Microscopic features are described and illustrated and compared with R. aurea and some other yellow North American Russulas. Ecology, infrageneric placement and affinities are discussed.